Rekonstruksi Pola Tonal Dalam Rim Desa Kilang
Keywords:
Rim, Tonal, Local, Fourth melodic, Para MusicalAbstract
This study examines the tonal organization of rim, a vocal practice from Kilang Village, Maluku, which occupies a liminal space between speech and song. Although rim functions primarily within everyday conversation, preliminary observations suggest the presence of consistent melodic and intervallic structures. Using a descriptive tonal analysis approach, three rim utterances were transcribed and examined in terms of interval distribution, tonal center, pitch range, and melodic contour. The findings reveal a dominant use of prime intervals, followed by major thirds and perfect fifths, indicating a structurally repetitive yet moderately mobile tonal system. Notably, scale degree 7 emerges as a recurring tonal center, challenging Western diatonic assumptions in which the leading tone typically resolves to the tonic. Instead, rim demonstrates a locally constructed tonal gravity shaped by performative habit rather than formalized scale systems. The melodic contours consistently follow a rise–stabilization–fall pattern, suggesting a formulaic structure that supports both communicative and aesthetic functions. These results position rim as a tonally organized speech form, or a liminal vocal practice between language and music. The study contributes to ethnomusicological discussions on local tonal systems and expands the conceptual boundary between speech and musical organization in oral cultures.
References
Blacking, J. (1973). How musical is man? University of Washington Press.
Cooley, F. L. (1962). Altar and throne in Central Moluccan societies. KITLV Press.
Deutsch, D. (Ed.). (2013). The psychology of music (3rd ed.). Academic Press.
Ding, N., Patel, A. D., Chen, L., Butler, H., Luo, C., & Poeppel, D. (2017). Temporal modulations in speech and music. Nature Neuroscience, 20(3), 397–402. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4495
Feld, S. (2015). Acoustemology. In D. Novak & M. Sakakeeny (Eds.), Keywords in sound (pp. 12–21). Duke University Press.
Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures. Basic Books.
Grant, C. (2014). Music endangerment and language endangerment: A comparison. Ethnomusicology Forum, 23(1), 3–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/17411912.2013.874405
Kombong, R. L., Lestari, W., & Sunarto, S. (2023). Analisis kebutuhan Penanian Dolo pada upacara pemakaman di Tana Toraja. Imaji: Jurnal Seni dan Pendidikan Seni, 21(1), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.21831/imaji.v21i1.50452
Ladefoged, P., & Johnson, K. (2014). A course in phonetics (7th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Lestari, D. T. (2020). Membangun harmoni sosial melalui musik dalam ekspresi budaya Orang Basudara di Maluku. Panggung, 30(3). https://doi.org/10.26742/panggung.v30i3.1267
Malm, W. P. (1996). Music cultures of the Pacific, the Near East, and Asia (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall.
Nettl, B. (2015). The study of ethnomusicology: Thirty-three discussions (3rd ed.). University of Illinois Press.
Patel, A. D. (2008). Music, language, and the brain. Oxford University Press.
Peretz, I., Vuvan, D., Lagrois, M.-E., & Armony, J. L. (2015). Neural overlap in processing music and speech. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19(6), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.04.004
Rahman, F., & Letlora, P. S. (2018). Cultural preservation: Rediscovering the endangered oral tradition of Maluku (A case study on Kapata of Central Maluku). Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 9(2), 91–97.
Saussure, F. de. (1966). Course in general linguistics (W. Baskin, Trans.). McGraw-Hill.
Savage, P. E., Brown, S., Sakai, E., & Currie, T. E. (2015). Statistical universals reveal the structures and functions of human music. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(29), 8987–8992. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414495112
Setiawan, A. (2017). Perkembangan etnomusikologi di Indonesia: Review tiga disertasi. Pelataran Seni, 2(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.20527/jps.v2i2.5204
Simangunsong, E., Saragih, R. H., Purba, E. U., Sembiring, S. S., & Tambunan, A. (2023). Tinjauan musikalitas: Penyajian lagu Tondi-Tondiku karya Herbert Aruan oleh Style Voice dan Sanga Pajumpang Band. Grenek Music Journal, 12(2), 218–231. https://doi.org/10.24114/grenek.v12i2.54074
Tamaela, A. (1995). Sejarah perkembangan musik tradisional Maluku. Balai Kajian Budaya Maluku.
Tierney, A., & Kraus, N. (2015). Neural entrainment to the rhythmic structure of music and speech. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 27(2), 400–408. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00704
Untung, R. M. (2021). Investigating the Indonesian folk song arrangement in six choir competitions, 2019. Resital: Jurnal Seni Pertunjukan, 21(2), 85–98. https://doi.org/10.24821/resital.v21i2.4357
Xu, Y. (2019). ProsodyPro—A tool for large-scale systematic prosody analysis. Speech Communication, 109, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2019.02.002
